Referencias
- Staník R, SvetlíkI J, Benkovsky I. DMSA and its complexes with radioisotopes: review. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2012;293:545–54.
- Ohta H, Yamamoto K, Endo K, Mori T, et al. A new imaging agent for medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. J Nucl Med 1984 25:323-5.
- Ohta H, Tsuji T, Endo K, Fujita T, et al. SPECT images using 99mTc(V)-DMS in lung metastasis of osteosarcoma. Ann Nucl Med 1989;3:37-40.
- Chauhan U P S, Babbar A, Kashyap R, Prakash R. Evaluation of a DMSA kit for instant preparation of 99mTc(V)-DMSA for tumour and metastasis scintigraphy. Nucl Med Biol 1992;19:825-30.
- Arnold R W, Subramanian G, McAfee J G, Blair R J, et al. Comparison of 99m-Tc complexes for renal imaging. J Nucl Med 1975;16:357-67.
- Kubiatowicz D O, Bolles T F, Nora J C, Ithakissios D S. Localization of low molecular weight Tc-99m labeled dimercaptodicarboxylic acids in kidney tissue. J Pharm Sci 1979;68:621-3.
- Vanlic-Razumenie N, Petrovie J, Gorkie D. Biochemical studies of the renal radiopharmaceutical compound dimercaptosuccinate. IV. Interaction of 99mTc-DMS and 99Tc-DMSA complexes with blood serum proteins. Eur J Nucl Med 1984;9:370-3.
- Blower P J, Lam A S K, O’Doherty M J, Kettle A G, et al. Pentavalent rhenium-188 dimercaptosuccinic acid for targeted radiotherapy: synthesis and preliminary animal and human studies. Eur J Nucl Med 1998;25:613-21.
- Bisunadan M M, Blower P J, Clarke S E M, Singh J, et al. Synthesis and characterization of [186Re]rhenium(v)dimercaptosuccinic acid: A possible tumour radiotherapy agent. Appl Radiat Isot 1991;42:167-71.
- Singh J, Powell A K, Clarkecand SEM, Blower PJ. Crystal structure and isomerism of a tumour targeting radiopharmaceutical: [ReO(DMSA)2]- ( H2DMSA = meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid). J Chem Soc Chem Commun 1991:1115 -7.
- Bolzati C, Boschi A, Uccelli L, Duatti A, et al. An alternative approach to the preparation of 188 Re radiopharmaceuticals from generator-produced [188 ReO 4]−: efficient synthesis of 188 Re (V)-meso-2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid. Nucl Med Biol 2000;27:309-14.
- Blower P J, Kettle A G, O’Doherty M J, Coakley A J, et al. 99mTc(V)DMSA quantitatively predicts 188Re(V)DMSA distribution in patients with prostate cancer metastatic to bone. Eur J Nucl Med 2000;27:1405-9.
- Blower PJ, Singh J, Clarke SEM. The chemical identity of pentavalent technetium-99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid. J. Nucl. Med 1991;32:845-9.
- Benkovsky I, Staník R. 99mTc-DMSA complex preparation: the effect of pH and tin(II) chloride amount on reaction. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2010;284:231-7.
- Staník R, SvetlíkI J, Karlovska J, Benkovsky I. Importance of DMSA stability, its consequence for Sn(DMSA)2 complex formation and relevance to 99mTc-DMSA radipharmacs preparation. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2011;289:909-14.
- Garnuszek P, Pawlak D, Maurin M, Jankovic D, et al. Comparison of chromatographic methods for quality control of DMSA complexes with 99mTc and 188Re at (III) and (V) oxidation states. Nucl Med Rev 2012;15:95-100.
- Staník R, Benkovsky I, Svetlík J, Galba J, et al. The identity confirmation of 99gTc-DMSA complexes by using NMR and HPLC–MS/MS methods. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2013;295:2163-70.
- Alberto R, Metal-based radiopharmaceuticals, in: Bioinorganic Medicinal Chemistry, E. Alessio, Editor. 2011, Wiley-VCH: Weinheim. p. 253-282.
- Alberto R. Application of technetium and rhenium in nuclear medicine. COSMOS 2012;8:83-101.
- Bartholoma M D, Louie A S, Valliant J F, Zubieta J. Technetium and gallium derived radiopharmaceuticals: Comparing and contrasting the chemistry of two important radiometals for the molecular imaging era. Chem Rev 2010;110:2903-20.
- Handbook of radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and applications. 2003, Chichester: Wiley & Sons. 848.
- Schwochau K, Technetium. Chemistry and Radiopharmaceutical Applications. 2000, Weinhcim, Germany.: WILEY-VCH. 445.
- Yttrium-90 And Rhenium-188 Radiopharmaceuticals For Radionuclide Therapy. IAEA Radioisotopes and Radiopharmaceuticals 2015, Vienna, Austria: IAEA in Austria 320.
- Deutsch E, Libson K, Vanderheyden J-L, Ketring A R, et al. The Chemistry of Rhenium and Technetium as related to the use of isotopes of these elements in therapeutic and diagnostic nuclear medicine. Nucl Med Biol 1986;13:405-11.
- Blower PJ, Lam ASK, O’Doherty MJ, Kettle AG, et al. Pentavalent rhenium-188 dimercaptosuccinic acid for targeted radiotherapy: synthesis and preliminary animal and human studies. Eur J Nucl Med 1998;25:613-21.
- Singh J, Powell A K, Clarke SEM, Blower PJ. Crystal structure and isomerism of a tumour targeting radiopharmaceutical: [ReO(dmsa)2]- ( H2dmsa = meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid). J Chem Soc, Chem Commun 1991:1115-7.
- Pearson RG. Absolute electronegativity and hardness correlated with molecular orbital theory. Proc Nati Acad Sci USA 1986;83:8440-1.
- Moretti JL, Rapin JR, Saccavin JC, Lageron A, et al. 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic-acid chelates-l. Structure and pharmacokinetic studies. Int J Nucl Med Biol 1984;11:270-4.
- Aposhian HV, Maiorino RM, Rivera M, Bruce DC, et al. Human studies with the chelatxng agents, DMPS and DMSA. Clin Toxicol 1992;30:505-28.
- Maiorino RM, Akins JM, Blaha K, Carter DE, et al. Determination and metabolism of dithiol chelating agents: X. J Pharmacol Exp Therapeutic 1990;254:571-7.
- Aposhian HV, Maiorino RM, Dart RC, Perry DF. Urinary excretion of meso-2, 3 -dimercaptosuccinic acid in human subjects. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1989;45:520.
- Maiorino RM, Bruce DC, Aposhian HV. Determination and metabolism of dithiol chelating agents. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1989;97:338-49.
- Maiorino RM, Barry TJ, Aposhian HV. Determination and metabolism of dithiol-chelating agents: Electrolytic and Chemical Reduction of Oxidized Dithiols in Urine. Analytical Biochemistry 1987;160:217-26.
- Maiorino RM, Weber GL, Aposhian HV. Fluorometric determination of 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonic acid and other dithiols by precolumn derivatization with bromobimane and column liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr 1986;374:297-310.
- Aposhian HV, Carter DE, Hoover TD, Hsu C-A, et al. DMSA, DMPS, and DMPA—as Arsenic Antidotes. Fund Appl Toxicol 1984;4:S58-S70.
- Owen LN, Sultanbaw US. OleJinic Acids. Part VII. The Addition of Thiols to Pro piolic and Acet ylenedicarboxylic Acid. J Chem Soc 1946;0:3109.
- Gerecke M, Friedheim EAH, Brossi A. Zur Kenntnis der 2,3-Dimercapto-bernsteinsaure. Helv Chim Acta 1961;44:955.
- Jones MM, Singh PK, Kostia K, Blanuga M, et al. Comparative in vivo lead mobilization of meso- and rac-2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic Acids in albino Wistar rats. Pharmacol Toxicol 1997;80:182-6.
- Aposhian H V. DMSA and DMPS-water soluble antidotes for heavy metal poisoning. Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1983;23:193-215.
- Staník R, Světlík J, Benkovský I. DMSA and its complexes with radioisotopes: review. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2012;293:545-54.
- Fang X, Fernando Q. Stereoisomeric selectivity of 2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic acids in chelation therapy for lead poisoning. Chem Res Toxicol 1995;8:525-36.
- Vukicevic NS, Razumenic NMV. Studies of the formation of DMSA complexes with bivalent tin. Determination of dissociation constants and thermodynamic values of 2,3- dimercaptosuccinic acid. Polyhedron 1989;8:2809-12.
- Aragoni MC, Arca M, Crisponi G, Cristiani F, et al. Characterization of the ionization and spectral properties of mercapto-carboxylic acids Correlation with substituents and structural features. Talanta 1996;43:1357-66.
- Crisponi G, Cristiani F, Nurchi VM, Pinna R. Equilibrium study on Pd(II) chelates of mercapto carboxylic acids. Polyhedron 1999;18:3257-62.
- Chen ZP, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Xia JG, et al. Preparation and characterization of water-soluble monodisperse magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles via surface double-exchange with DMSA. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem Eng Aspects 2008;316:210-6.
- Wille K, Moran JK, Roundhill DM. Mercury and methylmercury complexes of the L-Butyl And L-Hexadecyl esters of L-Cysteine and 2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic acid. Polyhedron 1990;9:597-601.
- Smith E, Dent G. Modern Raman spectroscopy: a practical approach., L. John Wiley & Sons. 2005, Chichester, England. 217.
- Staník R, Světlík J, Karlovská J, and Benkovský I. Importance of DMSA stability, its consequence for Sn(DMSA)2 complex formation and relevance to 99mTc-DMSA radipharmacs preparation. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2011;289:909-14.
- Ju XH, Shi Y, Liu N, Guo RC, et al. Determination of 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid in mice blood and tissues by HPLC with fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr B 2009;877:1621-6.
- Lever S Z and Parsons T L. The presence of lead decreases the availability of meso-2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic acid for analysis in the monobromobimane assay. Chem Res Toxicol 1999;12:1057-65.
- Hashimoto K, Yoshihara K. Rhenium complexes labeled with 186,188Re for Nuclear Medicine. Topics in Current Chemistry 1996;176:278-92.
- Read JF, Adams EK, Gass HJ, Shea SE, et al. The kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of 3-mercaptopropionic acid, 2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid and 2-mercaptobenzoic acid by potassium ferrate. Inorganic Chimi Acta 1998;281:43-52.
- Aposhian HV, Mershon MM, Brinkley FB, Hsu C-A, et al. Anti-lewisite activity and stability of meso-dimercaptosuccinic acid and 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid. Life Sci 1982;31:2149-56.
- Benkovský I and Staník R. 99mTc-DMSA complex preparation: the effect of pH and tin(II) chloride amount on reaction. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2010;284:231-7.
- Westera G, Gadze A, Horst W. A convenient method for the preparation of 99mTc(v)dimercaptosuccinic acid (99mTc(V)_DMSA). Int J Appl Radiat Isot 1985;36:311-2.
- Hirano T, Tomiyoshi K, Zhang YJ, Ishida T, et al. Preparation and clinical evaluation of technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid for tumour scintigraphy. Eur J Nucl Med 1994;21:82-5.
- Washburn LC, Biniakiewicz DS, III HRM. Reliable preparation of 99mTc(V)DMSA by a simple modified method using a commercial kit for 99mTc(III)DMSA. Nucl Med Biol 1995 22:689-91.
- Mushtaq A, Pervez S, Haider I, Mansur MS, et al. A freeze dried kit for 99mTc(V)-dimercaptosuccinic acid. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2000;243:827-9.
- Technetium-99m Radiopharmaceuticals: Manufacture of kits. IAEA Technical Reports. Vol. 202. 2008, Vienna, Austria.
- Agencia Española del Medicamento M d S y C, Real Farmacopea Española. Tecnecio (99mTc) y Succímero, Disolución Inyectable. Segunda Edición 2011, Madrid, España: Imprenta Nacional del Boletín Oficial del Estado.
- Ikeda I, Inoue O, Kurata K. Preparation of various Tc-99m dimercaptosuccinate complexes and their evaluation as radiotracers. J Nucl Med 1977;18:1222-9.
- Lisic EC, Mirzadeh S, Knapp F. Synthesis of carrier‐free rhenium‐188 (V) DMSA using triphenyl phosphine as a facile reducing agent. J Label Comp Radiopharm 1993;33:65-75.
- Brambilla TP, Osso Junior JA. Labeling procedures for the preparation of 188 Re-DMSA (V). In: International Nuclear Atlantic Conference - INAC. 2009: Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
- Brambilla TdP, Desenvolvimento de métodos para marcação de DMSA pentavalente com 99m Tc e 188 Re. 2009, Universidade de São Paulo.
- Vanlic-Razumenic N, Petrovic J. Preparation of technetium-99-DMSA renal complex in solution and its chemical and biological characterization. Int J Appl Radiat Isot 1982;33:277-84.
- Rivera M, Aposhian HV, Fernando Q. Lead chelates of meso- and racemic- dimercaptosuccinic acid. J Inorg Biochem 1989;37:283-93.
- Aposhian HV. Meso-2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic acid: Chemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties of an orally effective metal chelating agent. Allnu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1990;30:279-306.
- Jones MM, Singh PK, Kostia K, Blanuga M, et al. Comparative in vivo lead mobilization of meso- and rac=2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acids in albino Wistar rats Pharmacol Toxicol 1997;80:182-6.
- Yee CA, Lee HB, Blaufox MD. 99m-Tc-DMSA renal uptake: Influence of biochemical and physiologic factors. J Nucl Med 1981;22:1054.
- Vanlid-Razumenic N, Petrovic J. Biochemical studies of the renal radiopharmaceutical compound Dimercaptosuccinate. Eur J Nucl Med 1981;6:169-72
- Technetium-99m Radiopharmaceuticals: Manufacture of Kits. IAEA Technical Reports Series 2008, Vienna, Austria, 202.
- Herzog KM, Deutsch E, Deutsch K, Silberstein EB, et al. Synthesis and renal excretion of technetium-99m-labeled organic cations. J Nucl Med 1992;33:2190-5.
- Moran JK. Technetium-99m-EC and other potential new agents in renal nuclear medicine. Sem Nucl Med 1999. Elsevier.
- Lee BF, Yeh JL, Chiu NT, Liu GC, et al. Evaluation of Tc-99m(V) DMSA binding to human plasma proteins. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2008;24.
- Horiuchi K, Saji H, Yokoyama A. pH sensitive properties of Tc(V)-DMS: Analytical and in vitro cellular studies. Nucl Med Biol 1998;25:689-95.
- Palmedo H, Hensel J, Bender H, Wagner U, et al. 18F-FDG, 99mTc-(V) DMSA and 99mTc-MIBI in an animal breast cancer-model: comparison of tumor-uptake and correlation with scintigraphic and PET-detection. Eur J Nucl Med 2000;27:1130.
- Palmedo H, Schomburg A, Grunwald F, Mallmann P. Technetium-99m-MIBI scintimammography for suspicious breast lesions. J Nucl Med 1996;37:626.
- Denoyer D, Perek N, Le Jeune N, Frere D, et al. Evidence that 99mTc-(V)-DMSA uptake is mediated by NaPi cotransporter type III in tumour cell lines. Eur J Nuci Med Molec Imag 2004;31:77-84.
- Werner A, Dehmelt L, Nalbant P. Na+-dependent phosphate cotransporters: the NaPi protein families. J Experim Biol 1998;201:3135-42.
- Fernandes I, Béliveau R, Friedlander G, Silve C. NaPO4 cotransport type III (PiT1) expression in human embryonic kidney cells and regulation by PTH. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 1999;277:F543-F551.
- Biber J, Custer M, Magagnin S, Hayes G, et al. Renal Na/Pi-cotransporters. Kidney International 1996;49:981-5.
- Al-Saeedi F. Role of 99mTc-(V) DMSA in detecting tumor cell proliferation. Analyt Chem Insights 2007;2:81.
- Yokoyama A, Hata N, Horiuchi K, Masuda H, et al. The design of a pentavalent 99mTc- Dimercaptosuccinate complex as a tumor imaging agent. Int J Nucl Med Biol 1985;12:273-9.
- Chilton HM. Letter to the editor: Light-sensitive cold kits and radiopharmaceuticals: Hepatolite. J Nucl Med Technol 1994;22:261.
- Hung JC, Ponto JA, Hammes RJ. Radiopharmaceutical-related pitfalls and artifacts. Sem Nucl Med 1996.
- Meyer G-J. General guidelines for the quality assurance and quality control of short-lived radiopharmaceuticals. In: Progress in Radiopharmacy 1992, Springer. p. 181-188.
- Saha GB, Fundamentals of nuclear pharmacy. Sixth Edition 2010, New York: Springer. 409.
- Theobald T. Sampson's textbook of radiopharmacy. 2010: Pharmaceutical Press.
- Smal F, Englebienne P. Dimercaptosuccinic acid-Tc99m: Preparation and biodistribution in rats (CEA-CR--8). Raynaud, C. (Ed.). France, 1976.
- Ikeda I, Inoue O, Kurata K. Chemical and biological studies on Tc-99m DMS-II: Effect of Sn(II) on the formation of various Tc-DMS complexes. Int J Appl Radiat Isot 1976;27:681-8.
- British Pharmacopoeia. 2011, London: The Stationery Office on behalf of the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).
- Ikeda I, Inoue O, Kurata K. Chemical and biologicaI studies on 99mTc-DMS-I: Formation of complexes by four different methods. Inter J Nucl Med Biol 1977;4:56-65.